Metallographic grinding and polishing are the first steps in mechanical removal of materials.

    Proper grinding can remove damaged or deformed surface materials, while also limiting the deformation of other surfaces. The purpose of grinding is to obtain a flat surface with less damage and to easily remove these damages through shorter polishing times.

    Fixed grinding particles can be used to remove material, but it will generate sample material debris. The process of using sharp grinding particles to remove material debris can minimize sample deformation and achieve the highest removal rate.

    Grinding can be divided into two processes:

    Flat grinding: This is usually the first step in the grinding process. Regardless of the initial condition of the sample and the previous treatment, flat grinding ensures that all sample surfaces remain similar. In addition, when processing several samples in the same sample holder, special attention must be paid to ensuring that these samples are at the same level or&# quo; before starting the next step, which is fine grinding; Flat” On. For flat grinding, in order to achieve a higher uniform material removal rate, reduce grinding time, and achieve maximum flatness, it is best to choose relatively large and completely fixed particles. An appropriate PG surface can provide a perfectly flat sample, thereby reducing the preparation time required for subsequent fine grinding steps. In addition, some surfaces can retain good edges. During grinding, new grinding particles will be released to ensure consistent material removal rate.

    Fine grinding: Fine grinding can provide a surface with less deformation and easily remove the resulting deformation during polishing. Due to defects in the grinding paper, alternative fine grinding composite surfaces have been provided to improve and promote fine grinding. By using 15, 9, and 6 μ M sized particles to achieve high material removal rate. This applies to hard composite grinding discs (rigid grinding discs) with surfaces made of special composite materials. This helps to continuously supply diamond sand embedded in the surface, thereby completing fine grinding operations. By using these grinding discs, a sample surface with excellent flatness can be obtained. The use of diamond abrasive on a fine grinding disc ensures consistent material removal rates for both hard and soft phases. Not only will there be no trailing phenomenon in the soft phase, but there will also be no debris in the brittle phase, and the sample can maintain the best flatness. The subsequent polishing steps can be completed in a very short time.