The commonly used polishing agents in the laboratory include diamond, alumina, silicon oxide, silicon carbide, etc. There are certain differences in the properties and characteristics of these materials. Today, I will briefly introduce them to you.

1. Diamond polishing fluid (diamond).

Diamond and synthetic diamond are very ideal polishing agents, suitable for rough and fine polishing of various materials. Its hardness is high, and the Mohs scale hardness can reach Grade 10. Sharp and sharp edges with strong cutting effect. High efficiency and long service life. Good cutting effect on both hard and soft materials. If there are phases with significant differences in hardness and softness in the alloy sample, diamond polishing can achieve ideal results.

In addition, if you want to polish high hardness materials such as hard alloys, diamond powder can be used for effective polishing.

2. Aluminum oxide polishing solution (white alumina).

Aluminum oxide is a commonly used polishing abrasive. Its hardness is also very high, with a grinding stone hardness of 9 levels, only slightly lower than diamond and silicon carbide. High purity aluminum oxide is colorless and transparent. Aluminum oxide has three crystalline forms, α、β、γ Type.

α Type A aluminum oxide is a Cubic crystal system with a particle size of 0.3 μ m or more, which is the most common and can be used directly. β Type alumina has low hardness and average cutting ability, and is usually not used for metallographic polishing. γ The type alumina is a square crystal system with a particle size of up to 0.3 microns, making it suitable for precision polishing.

3. Silicon dioxide polishing solution.

The Mohs scale hardness of silicon dioxide is grade 7, which is suitable for polishing materials with low hardness, such as aluminum alloys and other non-ferrous metals. The dust of silica is extremely fine, with a specific surface area of over 100m2/g, and can be suspended in the air.

Be careful not to use silicon dioxide to polish materials with higher hardness than it.

4. Silicon carbide polishing solution.

Silicon carbide, also known as carborundum or refractory sand, has a Mohs scale hardness of 9.5~9.75. The silicon carbide produced in China is divided into two types: black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide, both of which are hexagonal crystals. Silicon carbide particles have high hardness, but their particle size is relatively large, so they are generally used for polishing and rough polishing.

There are many types of polishing materials that can be selected based on one's own experience and industry practices. If there are technical standards, protocols, work instructions, and other reference materials available, relevant documents can be referenced for selection.

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